SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Software update</title>

</head>

Software update

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about software update in general. For the discontinued macOS component, see <a href="Apple_Software_Update" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Software Update">Apple Software Update</a>.</div>

Software update is the process of changing installed <a href="Software" title="Software">software</a> with the intent to make it more modern. It also refers to the <a href="Data_storage" title="Data storage">stored data</a> used to update software. When storage was significantly more expensive, <a href="Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">patching</a> files was the dominant form of update. With the advent of larger distribution storage media and higher Internet bandwidth, it became common to replace entire files instead of patching.

An update may require prior application of other updates, or may require prior or concurrent updates to multiple components. To facilitate updates, operating systems often provide automatic or semi-automatic updating facilities. <a href="Package_management_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Package management system">Package management systems</a> offer update automation.

An update can be any size. An update can be relatively large when the changes add or replace data such as <a href="Computer_graphics" title="Computer graphics">graphics</a> and sound files; for example for a <a href="Computer_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer game">game</a> update. An update usually takes less time to run than an initial installation of the software.

Although often intended to <a href="Upgrade" title="Upgrade">upgrade</a>, an update may instead degrade. An update may include unintentional <a href="Software_regression" title="Software regression">regression</a> problems. In some cases, an update intentionally disables functionality, for instance, by removing aspects for which the consumer is no longer licensed.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Management">Management</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: Category:Software update managers, <a href="Push_technology" title="Push technology">Push technology</a>, <a href="Pull_technology" title="Pull technology">Pull technology</a>, and <a href="Software_verification" title="Software verification">Software verification</a></div>

Software update systems allow for updates to be managed by users and software developers. In the <a href="Petya_(malware)" class="mw-redirect" title="Petya (malware)">2017 Petya cyberpandemic</a>, the financial software "MeDoc"'s update system is said to have been compromised to spread <a href="Malware" title="Malware">malware</a> via its updates.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> On the Tor Blog, cybersecurity expert Mike Perry states that <a href="Deterministic_compilation" class="mw-redirect" title="Deterministic compilation">deterministic</a>, distributed builds are likely the only way to defend against malware that attacks the software development and <a href="Software_build" title="Software build">build</a> processes to infect millions of machines in a single, officially signed, instantaneous update.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> Update managers also allow for security updates to be applied quickly and widely. Update managers of <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> such as <a href="Synaptic_(software)" title="Synaptic (software)">Synaptic</a> allow users to update all software installed on their machine. Applications like Synaptic use cryptographic checksums to verify source/local files before they are applied to ensure fidelity against malware.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>

Automatic updating has become more widespread over time. Some cite a cause of its prevalence to be due to <a href="Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a> support in early 2000s. <a href="Windows_XP#Service_Pack_2" title="Windows XP">Service Pack 2 of Windows XP</a> (available in 2004) enabled it by default.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2></div>

Updates are classified many ways. Notable classifications in alphabetical order follow.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hotfix">Hotfix</h3></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="Hotfix" title="Hotfix">Hotfix</a>.[<a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hotfix&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt">

A <a href="Hotfix" title="Hotfix">hotfix</a> is a software update that is released outside the normal update cycle or intended to be applied to a live system; often to fix a <a href="Software_bug" title="Software bug">bug</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>

Originally, hotfix referred to <a href="Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">patching</a> a hot system – a production <a href="Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">server</a> that is actively serving <a href="Client_(computing)" title="Client (computing)">clients</a>. For development, such a change usually must be designed quickly and outside normal development processes; at relatively high cost and disrupting other development effort. For the user, a hotfix is relatively risky since it is applied to a server without time for testing it. The risk of applying the hotfix must be weighed against the risk of not applying it. The problem to be fixed might be so critical that inaction is riskier than the potential loss of service.

Over time, the meaning has shifted to an update that is created with urgency or released outside the normal update cycle for the software.

Applying (installing) a hotfix generally involves the same process as any software update. Most modern <a href="Operating_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Operating systems">operating systems</a> and desktop <a href="Application_software" title="Application software">applications</a> can download and apply updates automatically. <a href="Network_administrators" class="mw-redirect" title="Network administrators">Network administrators</a> may use software programs to automate and simplify applying updates to the machines they manage.</div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malicious_update">Malicious update</h3></div>

Some <a href="Hacker" title="Hacker">hacker</a> may compromise legitimate software update channel and inject <a href="Malicious_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Malicious code">malicious code</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Patch">Patch</h3></div>

<div class="excerpt-block"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">Patch (computing)</a>.[<a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patch_(computing)&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt">

A <a href="Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">patch</a> is <a href="Data" title="Data">data</a> for modifying an existing <a href="System_resource" title="System resource">software resource</a> such as a <a href="Computer_program" title="Computer program">program</a> or a <a href="Computer_file" title="Computer file">file</a>, often to fix <a href="Software_bug" title="Software bug">bugs</a> and <a href="Security_vulnerability" class="mw-redirect" title="Security vulnerability">security vulnerabilities</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Patch_(computing)_news.com-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Patch is also the process of applying the data to the existing resource. Patching a system involves applying a patch. A patch may be created to improve functionality, <a href="Usability" title="Usability">usability</a>, or <a href="Computer_performance" title="Computer performance">performance</a>. A patch may be created manually, but commonly it is created via a tool that compares two versions of the resource and generates data that can be used to transform one to the other.

Typically, a patch needs to be applied to the specific version of the resource it is intended to modify, although there are exceptions. Some patching tools can detect the version of the existing resource and apply the appropriate patch, even if it supports multiple versions. As more patches are released, their cumulative size can grow significantly, sometimes exceeding the size of the resource itself. To manage this, the number of supported versions may be limited, or a complete copy of the resource might be provided instead.

Patching allows for modifying a <a href="Machine_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Machine language">binary</a> <a href="Executable" title="Executable">executable</a>. Although this can be technically challenging (requires a thorough understanding of the workings of the executable), it may be feasible when the <a href="Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> is unavailable to <a href="Software_build" title="Software build">build</a> a full executable, and it allows for a smaller distribution which can be more economical than distributing full files.

Although often intended to fix problems, a patch can introduce <a href="Software_regression" title="Software regression">new problems</a>. In some cases, an update intentionally disables functionality, for instance, by removing aspects for which the consumer is no longer licensed. <a href="Patch_management" title="Patch management">Patch management</a> is a part of <a href="Application_lifecycle_management" title="Application lifecycle management">lifecycle management</a>, and involves a strategy and planning of what patches should be applied to which systems and at what times. Typically, a patch is applied in a permanent way (i.e. to <a href="Computer_storage" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer storage">storage</a>), but in some cases, a patch is applied to memory (i.e. via a tool such as a <a href="Debugger" title="Debugger">debugger</a>) in which case the change is lost when the resource is reloaded from storage.

Software update is sometimes conflated with patch even though they are not <a href="Synonym" title="Synonym">synonyms</a>. An update can be implemented using patch files and the patching process. Also, some may contend that patching is not limited to modifying file content; that adding, removing and replacing whole files is patching. Typically, patch connotates a relatively small change, so a patch that is large in size or scope may be called the more general software update or another more specific name such as <a href="Service_pack" title="Service pack">service pack</a>. <a href="Windows_NT" title="Windows NT">Windows NT</a> and its successors (including <a href="Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">Windows 2000</a>, <a href="Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a>, <a href="Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vista</a> and <a href="Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a>) use service pack.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Historically, <a href="IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> used the terms FixPak and Corrective Service Diskette for such updates.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Patch_release">Patch release</h3></div>

<div class="excerpt-block"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="Patch_release" title="Patch release">Patch release</a>.[<a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patch_release&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt">

A <a href="Patch_release" title="Patch release">patch release</a> (also known as point release, dot release, or bugfix release) is a <a href="Software_release" class="mw-redirect" title="Software release">release</a> of <a href="Software" title="Software">software</a>, especially one intended to fix <a href="Software_bug" title="Software bug">bugs</a> or for relatively small changes rather than add significant <a href="Feature_(software_design)" class="mw-redirect" title="Feature (software design)">features</a>. Often, there are too many bugs to be fixed in a single major or minor release, creating a need for a point release.</div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Program_temporary_fix">Program temporary fix</h3></div>

<div class="excerpt-block"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="Program_temporary_fix" title="Program temporary fix">Program temporary fix</a>.[<a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Program_temporary_fix&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt">

In IBM terminology, a <a href="Program_temporary_fix" title="Program temporary fix">program temporary fix</a> or product temporary fix (PTF), sometimes depending on date,<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> is a one or more <a href="Software_bug" title="Software bug">bug</a> fixes – distributed in a form ready to <a href="Software_installation" class="mw-redirect" title="Software installation">install</a>.

A PTF normally follows an <a href="Authorized_Program_Analysis_Report" title="Authorized Program Analysis Report">Authorized Program Analysis Report</a> (APAR)<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a>, and where an "APAR fix" was issued, the PTF "is a tested APAR"<a href="#cite_note-Program_temporary_fix_Gabe-15">[15]</a> or set of APAR fixes. However, if an APAR is resolved as "Fixed If Next" or "Permanent Restriction" then there may be no PTF fixing it, only a subsequent release.</div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security_patch">Security patch</h3></div>

A security patch is a change to correct the weakness described by a vulnerability. The corrective action prevents successful exploitation and removes or mitigates a threat's capability to exploit a specific vulnerability. Patch management is a part of <a href="Vulnerability_management" title="Vulnerability management">vulnerability management</a> – the cyclical practice of identifying, classifying, remediating, and mitigating vulnerabilities.

Security patches are the primary method of fixing security vulnerabilities in software. Currently Microsoft releases its security patches once a month ("<a href="Patch_Tuesday" title="Patch Tuesday">patch Tuesday</a>"), and other operating systems and software projects have security teams dedicated to releasing the most reliable software patches as soon after a vulnerability announcement as possible. Security patches are closely tied to <a href="Responsible_disclosure" class="mw-redirect" title="Responsible disclosure">responsible disclosure</a>.

These security patches are critical to ensure that business process does not get affected. In 2017, companies were struck by a ransomware called <a href="WannaCry_ransomware_attack" title="WannaCry ransomware attack">WannaCry</a> which encrypts files in certain versions of <a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> and demands a ransom via BitCoin. In response to this, Microsoft released a patch which stops the ransomware from running.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Service_pack">Service pack</h3></div>

<div class="excerpt-block"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="Service_pack" title="Service pack">Service pack</a>.[<a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Service_pack&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt">

In computing, a <a href="Service_pack" title="Service pack">service pack</a> comprises a collection of updates, fixes, or enhancements to a <a href="Computer_program" title="Computer program">software program</a> delivered in the form of a single installable package. Companies often release a service pack when the number of individual <a href="Patch_(computing)" title="Patch (computing)">patches</a> to a given program reaches a certain (arbitrary) limit, or the software release has shown to be stabilized with a limited number of remaining issues based on users' feedback and <a href="Bug_tracking_system" title="Bug tracking system">bug reports</a>. In large software applications such as office suites, operating systems, database software, or network management, it is not uncommon to have a service pack issued within the first year or two of a product's release. Installing a service pack is easier and less error-prone than installing many individual patches, even more so when updating multiple computers over a network, where service packs are common.

Service packs are usually numbered, and thus shortly referred to as SP1, SP2, SP3 etc.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> They may also bring, besides <a href="Software_bug" title="Software bug">bug</a> fixes,<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> entirely new features, as is the case of <a href="Windows_XP#Service_Pack_2" title="Windows XP">SP2</a> of <a href="Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a> (e.g. <a href="Security_and_Maintenance#Windows_XP_SP2" title="Security and Maintenance">Windows Security Center</a>), or SP3 and SP4 of the heavily database dependent <a href="Trainz#Trainz_Simulator_2009:_World_Builder_Edition" title="Trainz">Trainz 2009: World Builder Edition</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unofficial_patch">Unofficial patch</h3></div>

<div class="excerpt-block"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="Unofficial_patch" title="Unofficial patch">Unofficial patch</a>.[<a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Unofficial_patch&action=edit">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt">

An <a href="Unofficial_patch" title="Unofficial patch">unofficial patch</a>, a.k.a. community patch and fan patch, is a software update created by a third party, such as a <a href="User_community" class="mw-redirect" title="User community">user community</a>, without the involvement of whoever is considered the official maintainer of the <a href="Software" title="Software">software</a> (i.e. original developer). An unofficial patch generally does not change the intended use of the software, in contrast to other third-party adaptions such as <a href="Mod_(video_gaming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mod (video gaming)">mods</a> or <a href="Software_cracking" title="Software cracking">cracks</a>.

An unofficial patch is typically intended to repair bugs and provide new capabilities such as support for newer <a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a>, increased <a href="Computer_display" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer display">display</a> resolutions and new display formats.<a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_cnc95-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_DPresolutionfix-20">[20]</a> While unofficial patches are most common for the PC platform, they can also be found for console games e.g. in context of the emulation community.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a>

A <a href="Fan_translation_(video_gaming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fan translation (video gaming)">fan translation</a> is an unofficial patch that adds natural language support to software.<a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_moo3-22">[22]</a> Fan translations are most common for <a href="Japanese_role-playing_game" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese role-playing game">Japanese role-playing games</a> which are often not localized for Western markets.<a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_ClydeMandelin-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_retrogamer-24">[24]</a>

A <a href="Slipstream_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Slipstream (computing)">slipstream</a> like patch combines multiple official patches into one unofficial update package as a convenience to users when individual patches are only available online or as small incremental updates.

A common motivation for creating an unofficial patch is lack of <a href="Technical_support" title="Technical support">technical support</a> from the official maintainer which may result from:

<ul><li>The software reached the maintainer's defined <a href="End-of-life_(product)" class="mw-redirect" title="End-of-life (product)">end-of-life</a><a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_nichttot-25">[25]</a></li>

<li>The software was <a href="Planned_obsolescence" title="Planned obsolescence">superseded by a successor product</a><a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_obsolescence-26">[26]</a></li>

<li>The software was originally designed to operate in a substantially different environment and may require <a href="Porting" title="Porting">improvement/optimization</a></li>

<li>The maintainer went out of business<a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_losthistoryss-27">[27]</a></li>

<li>Support is not economically viable (e.g. localization for small markets)</li>

<li>A fast solution for a time critical problem (e.g. <a href="Vulnerability_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulnerability (computing)">security holes</a>) when an official one takes too long<a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_security-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_zdnet2006-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_cnn2006-30">[30]</a></li>

<li>The official maintainer is unable to cope with the problems<a href="#cite_note-Unofficial_patch_g3-31">[31]</a></li></ul></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video_game_patch">Video game patch</h3></div>

A <a href="Video_game" title="Video game">video game</a> receives an update (often called a patch) to fix problems and to change features such as change game rules and <a href="Algorithm" title="Algorithm">algorithms</a>. These updates may be prompted by the discovery of <a href="Exploit_(online_gaming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Exploit (online gaming)">exploits</a> in the <a href="Multiplayer_video_game" title="Multiplayer video game">multiplayer</a> game experience that can be used to gain unfair advantages over other players. Extra features and gameplay tweaks can often be added. These kinds of updates are common in <a href="First-person_shooters" class="mw-redirect" title="First-person shooters">first-person shooters</a> with <a href="Multiplayer_video_game" title="Multiplayer video game">multiplayer</a> capability, and in <a href="MMORPG" class="mw-redirect" title="MMORPG">MMORPGs</a>, which are typically very complex with large amounts of content, almost always rely heavily on updates following the initial release, where updates sometimes add new content and abilities available to players. Because the balance and fairness for all players of an MMORPG can be severely corrupted within a short amount of time by an exploit, servers of an MMORPG are sometimes taken down with short notice to apply a critical fix.

Companies sometimes release games knowing that they have bugs. <a href="Computer_Gaming_World" title="Computer Gaming World">Computer Gaming World</a>'s <a href="Scorpia_(journalist)" title="Scorpia (journalist)">Scorpia</a> in 1994 denounced "companies—too numerous to mention—who release shoddy product knowing they can get by with patches and upgrades, and who make 'pay-testers of their customers".<a href="#cite_note-cgw199404-32">[32]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Process">Process</h2></div>

Software update processes vary dramatically. Some notable processes are described here.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Firmware_update">Firmware update</h3></div>

Updating <a href="Firmware" title="Firmware">firmware</a> (i.e. <a href="Motherboard" title="Motherboard">motherboard</a> <a href="BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a>) can be challenging when it involves replacing the entire image on the hardware. As such, an error or interruption during the update process, such as loss of power, may render the hardware unusable.

An update, a binary image, is often installed via a supplier-provided program that overwrite the existing image with another. This program may safeguard against serious damage. For example, the update procedure could make and keep a backup of the firmware in case it determines that the primary copy is corrupt (i.e. via a <a href="Checksum" title="Checksum">checksum</a>).

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Limited_release">Limited release</h3></div>

In the cases of large updates or of significant changes, distributors often limit availability of updates to qualified developers as a <a href="Development_stage" class="mw-redirect" title="Development stage">beta test</a>.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hot_patching">Hot patching</h3></div>

Hot patching, also known as live patching or <a href="Dynamic_software_updating" title="Dynamic software updating">dynamic software updating</a>, is the application of patches without shutting down and restarting the system or the program concerned. This addresses problems related to unavailability of service provided by the system or the program.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a>

Method can be used to update <a href="Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux kernel</a> without stopping the system.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a>

A patch that can be applied in this way is called a hot patch or a live patch. This is becoming a common practice in the mobile app space.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Companies like <a href="Rollout.io" title="Rollout.io">Rollout.io</a> use <a href="Method_swizzling" class="mw-redirect" title="Method swizzling">method swizzling</a> to deliver hot patches to the iOS ecosystem.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Another method for hot-patching iOS apps is JSPatch.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a>

Cloud providers often use hot patching to avoid downtime for customers when updating underlying infrastructure.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Slipstreaming">Slipstreaming</h3></div>

Slipstreaming is the act of integrating updates into the <a href="Installation_(computer_programs)" title="Installation (computer programs)">installation</a> files of their original app, so that the result allows a direct installation of the updated app.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a>

The nature of slipstreaming means that it involves an initial outlay of time and work, but can save a lot of time (and, by extension, money) in the long term. This is especially significant for administrators that are tasked with managing a large number of computers, where typical practice for installing an operating system on each computer would be to use the original media and then update each computer after the installation was complete. This would take a lot more time than starting with a more up-to-date (slipstreamed) source, and needing to download and install the few updates not included in the slipstreamed source.

However, not all updates can be applied in this fashion and one disadvantage is that if it is discovered that a certain update is responsible for later problems, that update cannot be removed without using an original, non-slipstreamed installation source.

<ul><li><a href="Automatic_bug_fixing" title="Automatic bug fixing">Automatic bug fixing</a> – Automatic repair of software bugs</li>

<li><a href="Backporting" title="Backporting">Backporting</a> – Developing an update for older software based on an update to a newer version</li>

<li><a href="Delta_encoding" title="Delta encoding">Delta encoding</a> – Type of data transmission method</li>

<li><a href="Dribbleware" title="Dribbleware">Dribbleware</a></li>

<li><a href="Patch_(Unix)" title="Patch (Unix)">Patch (Unix)</a> – Command for applying changes to text files</li>

<li><a href="Porting" title="Porting">Porting</a> – Process of adapting software to run a different context</li>

<li><a href="Software_maintenance" title="Software maintenance">Software maintenance</a> – Modification of software after delivery</li>

<li><a href="Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Software release life cycle</a> – Stages in creation of computer software</li>

<li><a href="SMP/E" title="SMP/E">SMP/E</a> – Software management utility for mainframes</li>

<li><a href="Upgrade" title="Upgrade">Upgrade</a> – Process of improving something by replacing part of it or adding additional parts</li>

<li><a href="Vulnerability_database" title="Vulnerability database">Vulnerability database</a> – Computer security vulnerabilities</li>

<li><a href="White_hat_(computer_security)" title="White hat (computer security)">White hat (computer security)</a> – Computer hacker who hacks ethically</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite id="CITEREFThomson" class="citation web cs1">Thomson, Iain. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/06/28/fedex_tnt_express_virus_attack/">"Virus (cough, cough, Petya) goes postal at FedEx, shares halted"</a>. <a href="The_Register" title="The Register">The Register</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170701083047/https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/06/28/fedex_tnt_express_virus_attack/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://threatpost.com/new-petya-distribution-vectors-bubbling-to-surface/126577/">"New Petya Distribution Vectors Bubbling to Surface"</a>. Threatpost. 28 June 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170628194924/https://threatpost.com/new-petya-distribution-vectors-bubbling-to-surface/126577/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 June 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.torproject.org/blog/deterministic-builds-part-one-cyberwar-and-global-compromise">"Deterministic Builds Part One: Cyberwar and Global Compromise | The Tor Blog"</a>. blog.torproject.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170623204246/https://blog.torproject.org/blog/deterministic-builds-part-one-cyberwar-and-global-compromise">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2017. Retrieved 11 July 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFProffitt2008" class="citation book cs1">Proffitt, Brian (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Fe8LAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA141">Introducing Ubuntu: Desktop Linux</a>. Cengage Learning. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1598637656</bdi>. Retrieved 11 July 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMagazines2007" class="citation book cs1">Magazines, S. P. H. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G-sDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT96">HWM</a>. SPH Magazines. Retrieved 11 July 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBragg2003" class="citation book cs1">Bragg, Roberta (2003). "5: Designing a Security Update Infrastructure". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mcseselfpacedtra00brag_0">MCSE Self-Paced Training Kit (Exam 70–298): Designing Security for a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network</a>. <a href="Redmond%2C_WA" class="mw-redirect" title="Redmond, WA">Redmond, WA</a>: <a href="Microsoft_Press" title="Microsoft Press">Microsoft Press</a>. p. 5–12. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0735619697</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aclu.org/how-malicious-software-updates-endanger-everyone">"How Malicious Software Updates Endanger Everyone"</a>. american civil liberties union.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Patch_(computing)_news.com-8"><a href="#cite_ref-Patch_(computing)_news.com_8-0">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091016074048/http://www.news.com.au/technology/story/0%2C28348%2C26208289-5014239%2C00.html">"Microsoft issues biggest software patch on record"</a>. Reuters. 2009-10-14. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.com.au/technology/story/0,28348,26208289-5014239,00.html">the original</a> on 16 October 2009. Retrieved 14 October 2009.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.techopedia.com/definition/18105/bug-fix">"What is a Bug Fix? – Definition from Techopedia"</a>. techopedia.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180703184033/https://www.techopedia.com/definition/18105/bug-fix">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-07-03. Retrieved 2015-07-29.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/service-packs-download#sptabs=win7">"Service Pack and Update Center"</a>. windows.microsoft.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150601154704/http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/service-packs-download#sptabs=win7">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-06-01. Retrieved 2015-06-01.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tavi.co.uk/os2pages/glossary.html">"Glossary of terms"</a>. www.tavi.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161201090736/http://www.tavi.co.uk/os2pages/glossary.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-12-01. Retrieved 2016-11-23.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> In 2001 a long time IBMer wrote "I thought it was now Product Temporary Fix." <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/d/topic/bit.listserv.ibm-main/Ir_Jp8C50KM">"Should APARs be accepted"</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> Nonetheless PROGRAM temporary fix is still in use. <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.ca.com/us/knowledge-base-articles.TEC1984606.html">"Traps do not process for CiscoAPIC models in CA Spectrum"</a>. ca.com. September 11, 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFIBM_Corporation" class="citation web cs1">IBM Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/ibm-security-apars-explained">"IBM Security: APARs explained"</a>. ibm.com. Retrieved Oct 14, 2019.</cite> a formal report from IBM development to customers that have notified IBM of a problem or suspected defect.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Program_temporary_fix_Gabe-15"><a href="#cite_ref-Program_temporary_fix_Gabe_15-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFGabe_Goldberg2013" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit">Gabe Goldberg (June 12, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140401090011/http://destinationz.org/Mainframe-Solution/Systems-Administration/APAR-Process-Provides-Tools-to-Deal-With-Software-">"IBM's APAR process provides the tools for dealing with software issues"</a>. destinationz.org (MSP TechMedia). Archived from the original on April 1, 2014.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> One counterexample is <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=90DCD52C-0488-4E46-AFBF-ACACE5369FA3,">Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Service Pack 3a</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Example of Service Pack list of changes for a multi-module/multi-mode software product: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.ts2009.com/mediaWiki/index.php5/TS2009_SP2">Trainz SP2 involved feature changes and bug fixes</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.ts2009.com/mediaWiki/index.php5/%22Trainz-build%22_tag">Trainz Railway Simulators Service Packs Table</a> versus major release version titles

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_cnc95-19"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_cnc95_19-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSebayang2008" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sebayang, Andreas (27 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.golem.de/0805/59977.html">"High-Res-Patch für Command & Conquer 95 – Klassiker lässt sich nun in höherer Auflösung spielen"</a> (in German). <a href="Golem.de" class="mw-redirect" title="Golem.de">Golem.de</a>. Retrieved 3 April 2011.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_DPresolutionfix-20"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_DPresolutionfix_20-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMoore2013" class="citation web cs1">Moore, Bo (19 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/gamelife/2013/11/deadly-premonition-pc-durante/">"Is Your Game Crap? This Fan Will Fix It for You"</a>. <a href="Wired_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wired (website)">Wired</a>. Retrieved 25 January 2014. <q>Thoman had uploaded "DPfix 0.1 alpha," a patch that allowed Deadly Premonition players to manually adjust the game's resolution. [...] The most recent DPfix release fixed pixel offset errors that occurred at higher resolutions, fixed anti-aliasing when it was not being correctly applied, added improved depth-of-field effects, and added an option for screen space ambient occlusion.</q></cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romhacking.net/?page=hacks&genre=&platform=&game=&category=4&perpage=50&title=&author=&hacksearch=Go">"Hacks – Bugfix"</a>. romhacking.net. Retrieved 13 August 2014.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_moo3-22"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_moo3_22-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFLöding2003" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Löding, Torge (9 September 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heise.de/newsticker/meldung/Infogrames-toleriert-Fan-uebersetzung-fuer-Master-of-Orion-3-85111.html">"Infogrames toleriert Fan-Übersetzung für Master of Orion 3"</a> (in German). <a href="Heise_online" class="mw-redirect" title="Heise online">heise.de</a>. Retrieved 3 April 2011.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_ClydeMandelin-23"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_ClydeMandelin_23-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFParkin2008" class="citation web cs1">Parkin, Simon (26 December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamedeveloper.com/design/you-say-tomato-a-pro-on-fan-translating-nintendo-s-mother-3">"You Say Tomato: A Pro on Fan-Translating Nintendo's Mother 3"</a>. <a href="Gamasutra" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamasutra">gamasutra.com</a>. Retrieved 3 April 2011.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_retrogamer-24"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_retrogamer_24-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSzczepaniak2006" class="citation journal cs1">Szczepaniak, John (June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718200406/http://img145.imageshack.us/img145/6211/tra17fu.jpg">"Japanese ROM Translation"</a>. Retro Gamer. 25: 102–105. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hardcoregaming101.net/Fantranslation/Romhacking.htm">the original</a> on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2012-12-15.</cite> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718200406/http://img145.imageshack.us/img145/6211/tra17fu.jpg">[1]</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716024241/http://img128.imageshack.us/img128/1900/tra26ba.jpg">[2]</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718200414/http://img145.imageshack.us/img145/4573/tra37ws.jpg">[3]</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718200429/http://img145.imageshack.us/img145/7259/tra42bl.jpg">[4]</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_nichttot-25"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_nichttot_25-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFDirscherl2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dirscherl, Hans-Christian (29 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcwelt.de/news/Nicht-tot-zu-kriegen-Win-98-Service-Pack-2-1-402036.html">"Nicht tot zu kriegen: Win 98 Service Pack 2.1"</a> (in German). PCWelt.de. Retrieved 6 April 2011.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_obsolescence-26"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_obsolescence_26-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFCassia2007" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit">Cassia, Fernando (28 March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110120192512/http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1001739/open-source-weapon-planned-obsolescence">"Open Source, the only weapon against "planned obsolescence""</a>. theinquirer.net. Archived from the original on January 20, 2011. Retrieved 15 January 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_losthistoryss-27"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_losthistoryss_27-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFg4tv_staff2011" class="citation web cs1">g4tv staff (30 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.g4tv.com/thefeed/blog/post/713030/the-lost-history-of-system-shock">"The Lost History of System Shock"</a>. g4tv.com. Retrieved 30 May 2012. <q>Looking Glass Studios closed in 2000, a year after System Shock 2's release, and the copyright to the series went into the hands of an insurance company. That left EA with only the System Shock name, but no actual development rights.</q></cite><code class="cs1-code">{{cite web}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_security-28"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_security_28-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFNaraine2006" class="citation web cs1">Naraine, Ryan (4 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Security/Another-Unofficial-WMF-Patch-Released/">"IT Security & Network Security News – Another Unofficial WMF Patch Released"</a>. eweek.com. Retrieved 7 January 2012. <q>Security vendor ESET, makers of the NOD32 anti-virus program, on Wednesday shipped an interim patch for the bug, almost a week before Microsoft Corp. is scheduled to release a properly tested security update.</q></cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_zdnet2006-29"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_zdnet2006_29-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFEspiner2006" class="citation web cs1">Espiner, Tom (6 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zdnet.co.uk/news/security-management/2006/01/03/firms-urged-to-use-unauthorised-windows-patch-39245447/">"Firms urged to use unauthorised Windows patch"</a>. <a href="ZDNet" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDNet">ZDNet</a>.co.uk. Retrieved 29 January 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_cnn2006-30"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_cnn2006_30-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFCNN_Staff2006" class="citation web cs1">CNN Staff (3 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/2006/01/03/technology/windows_virusthreat/index.htm?cnn=yes">"Huge virus threat rocks Microsoft"</a>. <a href="CNN" title="CNN">CNNmoney</a>. Retrieved 29 January 2012. <q>Because of the severity of the threat, the SANS Institute, a computer security group, has released a patch for the vulnerability until Microsoft's fix is available next week.</q></cite> <code class="cs1-code">{{cite web}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> has generic name (help)

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Unofficial_patch_g3-31"><a href="#cite_ref-Unofficial_patch_g3_31-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSebayang2009" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sebayang, Andreas (23 March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.golem.de/0903/66059.html">"Gothic 3 Community Patch soll fast alle Fehler beheben – mehr als 700 Veränderungen im letzten Community Patch"</a> (in German). Golem.de. Retrieved 3 April 2011.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-cgw199404-32"><a href="#cite_ref-cgw199404_32-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFScorpia1994" class="citation magazine cs1">Scorpia (April 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cgwmuseum.org/galleries/index.php?year=1994&pub=2&id=117">"So You Want To Be A Hero?"</a>. Scorpion's View. Computer Gaming World. pp. 54–58.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080514023816/http://www.oracle.com/technology/oramag/oracle/07-sep/o57field.html">"Oracle Magazine"</a>. Oracle.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oracle.com/technology/oramag/oracle/07-sep/o57field.html">the original</a> on 2008-05-14. Retrieved 2013-01-04.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.ibm.com/technologies/linux/tutorials/live-patching-the-linux-kernel/">"Live patching the Linux kernel"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028205715/https://developer.ibm.com/technologies/linux/tutorials/live-patching-the-linux-kernel/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-10-28. Retrieved 2020-10-25.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/blogs/linux-kernel-live-patching/">"Linux Kernel Live Patching: What It is and Who Needs It"</a>. 6 March 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028225835/https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/blogs/linux-kernel-live-patching/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2016/01/hot_or_not_the_bene.html">"Hot or Not? The Benefits and Risks of iOS Remote Hot Patching « Threat Research Blog"</a>. FireEye. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161026231914/https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2016/01/hot_or_not_the_bene.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-10-26. Retrieved 2016-10-26.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFPerez2015" class="citation web cs1">Perez, Sarah (22 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2015/09/22/rollout-io-puts-mobile-developers-back-in-control-of-their-apps/">"Rollout.io Puts Mobile Developers Back In Control Of Their Apps"</a>. TechCrunch. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161127111451/https://techcrunch.com/2015/09/22/rollout-io-puts-mobile-developers-back-in-control-of-their-apps/">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-11-27. Retrieved 2016-10-26.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/bang590/JSPatch">"bang590/JSPatch"</a>. GitHub. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170104083231/https://github.com/bang590/JSPatch">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-01-04. Retrieved 2016-10-26.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/Azure-SQL-Database/Hot-Patching-SQL-Server-Engine-in-Azure-SQL-Database/ba-p/849700">"Hot Patching SQL Server Engine in Azure SQL Database"</a>. Techcommunity Microsoft. 2019-09-11. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190913154715/https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/Azure-SQL-Database/Hot-Patching-SQL-Server-Engine-in-Azure-SQL-Database/ba-p/849700">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-09-13. Retrieved 2019-09-15.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFKarp2008" class="citation web cs1">Karp, David (14 July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2325399,00.asp">"Build an XP SP3 Recovery Disc"</a>. <a href="PC_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Magazine">PC Magazine</a>. <a href="Ziff_Davis" title="Ziff Davis">Ziff Davis</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180109030902/https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2325399,00.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2018. Retrieved 7 September 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFThurrott2008" class="citation web cs1">Thurrott, Paul (7 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://winsupersite.com/article/windows-xp2/slipstreaming-windows-xp-with-service-pack-3-sp3-128464">"Slipstreaming Windows XP with Service Pack 3 (SP3)"</a>. Supersite for Windows. <a href="Penton_(company)" title="Penton (company)">Penton</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161211020909/http://winsupersite.com/article/windows-xp2/slipstreaming-windows-xp-with-service-pack-3-sp3-128464">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2016.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-22" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Software_update&oldid=1301904984">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>